Diabetes Blog | Diabetes Type, Treatment, & Recipes

Archive for January, 2007

DiaKine Therapeutics, Inc. and AdPharma, Inc. today announced an agreement to develop a pipeline of drugs aimed at reversing diabetes. The first drug in the pipeline is Lisofylline (LSF), an immune modulating compound that has reversed type 1 diabetes in mice in combination with another agent.
DiaKine plans to take its immune modulator, LSF, to arrest diabetes and restore insulin production into a Phase 2 proof of principal clinical trial and then collaborate or license it to a large pharmaceutical company for further development and commercialization. LSF has already been formulated into a product (Isletlife-LSF Media 1) which is on the market as a product designed to improve the viability and insulin producing capabilities of harvested islet cells prior to transplant, potentially improving the success rate of the procedure.

LSF is a synthetic small molecule, with novel anti-inflammatory properties, that blocks autoimmune damage to insulin producing cells. In a study of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a well-established model of type 1 diabetes, the animals were treated for 28 days with a combination of LSF/Extendin-4. The treatment completely reversed diabetes as evidenced by restored glucose homeostasis. Additionally, there was evidence of new cell growth in the area of the islet cells in the mice given the combined therapy. Additionally, LSF has shown in human islet cell studies to reduce cell death by more than 30% and improve insulin output capabilities. DiaKine is also developing LSF and other novel immune modulators drug therapies for type 1, type 2 diabetes, and related complications.

A new treatment for type 2 diabetes is helping patients not only get their blood sugar under control but can also help them lose weight.

The medication is currently being trialled in Australian patients.

Frank Thorne could not get his diabetes under control using standard medications.

He volunteered for a trial at Sydney’s Royal Prince Alfred Hospital where patients were either given a new diabetes drug or a placebo.

“I’d just become a grandfather at 57, so I had an incentive to stay healthy and live long to see my grandchildren grow up,” Mr Thorne said.

In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas does not make enough insulin.

Traditional medicines work either by allowing less sugar into the bloodstream or by helping the body to move sugar from the blood to the muscles more efficiently.

This new medication acts on a hormone in the gut which stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin.

And it can also help patients to lose weight.

“The injectable form can help with weight loss as well as improving blood glucose levels,” Associate Professor Stephen Twigg from Royal Prince Alfred Hospital said.

Doctors say overseas trials shows the drug is well tolerated and effective.

“I was on the real thing and the results were dramatic on my pancreas and my blood levels almost halved, so the results were excellent,” Mr Thorne said.

The medication has been approved for use in the United States. It still needs to undergo further testing in Australia before it can be registered.

Doctors say diet and exercise is also crucial to get insulin levels under control.

Stem cells could be harvested to treat child

Cells passed from mother to child during pregnancy could be used to treat insulin-dependent diabetes, new research suggests.

Scientists found they can develop into functioning islet beta cells which produce insulin in the pancreas.

They think in some cases the maternal cells may protect against the kind of damage that leads to type 1 diabetes.

The discovery opens up the future possibility of a mother’s stem cells being harvested and used to treat her diabetic child.

Essential hormone

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder which destroys insulin-producing pancreatic cells.

Insulin is the essential hormone used by the body to regulate the uptake of glucose for energy production.

Around 350,000 people in the UK suffer from type 1 diabetes and have to give themselves regular insulin injections.

The new findings suggest an unusual and beneficial form of “microchimerism”, the harbouring of cells or DNA that originate from another genetically distinct individual.

Originally, the research was carried out to investigate whether cells passing from mother to child in the womb were in some way responsible for type 1 diabetes.

Maternal cells

Scientists studied 172 individuals and took pancreatic tissue from four deceased males.

They found small numbers of female islet beta cells in the pancreatic samples that were capable of producing insulin.

There was no evidence that the mother’s cells were causing damage or becoming the target of an immune response.

However the researchers found more maternal DNA in the blood of children and young adults with type 1 diabetes than in healthy individuals.

Although the disease was not prevented, it looked as if the mother’s cells were trying to undertake repairs.

Regenerating tissue

“We think the maternal cells may be helping to regenerate tissue in the pancreas,” said Dr Lee Nelson, one of the investigators from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, US.

“The child is probably tolerant to the mother’s half-matched cells because the child acquired the cells during its life as a foetus while its immune system was still developing.”

Maternal microchimerism was first recognised in children with severe immunodeficiency in the 1970s.

In 1999, Dr Nelson showed that microchimerism can persist into adulthood in people with normal immune systems.

Writing in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers said they believed the new findings were the first to describe a maternal contribution to hormone function.

They added: “Our findings also raise the possibility that naturally acquired microchimerism might be exploited to therapeutic benefit.”

 Diabetes Recipe - Beef Burgundy

1 pound lean beef, cubed
1/4 cup flour
1/8 teaspoon pepper
2 tablespoons cooking oil
1/2 cup chopped onion
1 clove garlic
1/4 teaspoon thyme
1/4 teaspoon basil
1/4 teaspoon oregano
1/8 teaspoon rosemary
1 tablespoon parsley
1/2 cup dry red wine
1 cup water
2 cups chopped fresh tomatoes
2 cups diced raw carrots
2 cups sliced raw mushrooms
3 cups diced potatoes

     Coat beef with flour and pepper. Brown meat in oil. Add onion and garlic, then cook until tender. Pour off fat. Add all spices, wine and water. Cover and simmer for 30 minutes, stirring occasionally, adding more water if necessary. Add tomatoes, carrots, mushrooms, and potatoes, simmer 1 more hour. Makes 8 servings

Nutritional Information (1 serving):
Calories: 197
Carbohydrates: 19 grams
Protein: 15 grams
Fat: 6 grams
Saturated fat: 2 grams
Cholesterol: 38 mg
Fiber: 3 grams
Sodium: 43 mg
Potassium: 635 mg
Calcium: 25 mg
Exchanges: 1 vegetable, 1 1/2 lean meat, 1 starch

(from the South Dakota Diabetes Control Program cookbook)

 The vast majority of all medical complications during pregnancy fall into one of the following three categories: hypertension, diabetes, and premature labor. Let’s take a closer look at each one of these. 1. Gestational Hypertension: When Normal Is Too HighEven as you progress well into your pregnancy, every obstetrical visit will still include a measure of your blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of your arteries, which are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all parts of your body. When the pressure on the arteries becomes too high, it’s called hypertension.About 5 percent of women have hypertension before they become pregnant. This is called chronic hypertension. Another 5 percent or so develop hypertension during pregnancy. This is called gestational hypertension. Oddly enough, a normal blood pressure reading may actually signal hypertension during pregnancy. Why? Because all the natural hormones your body pumps out during pregnancy end up dilating your blood vessels, which should produce a blood pressure at the low end of the normal range.

So, if yours is at the upper end of the normal range, your blood pressure is, relatively speaking, too high.
Dangerously HighExcessively high blood pressure during pregnancy can cause many problems. One is a condition called placental abruption. This is a premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, a condition that would typically cause vaginal bleeding and uterine contractions. If the abruption jeopardizes your health or your baby’s health, you’ll need to have an immediate delivery.Another high blood pressure problem is a rare but life-threatening condition called preclampsia. This occurs when high blood pressure is accompanied by protein in the urine. The mechanisms leading to precalmpsia are not clear, but this condition can quickly worsen and jeopardize the life of both mother and baby. If the fetus is less than 34 weeks old, a drug called a corticosteroid may be administered to help speed up the maturity of the fetal lungs. On the other hand, if it occurs after the 37th week, the physician may recommend inducing delivery.The only real cure for preclampsia is delivery. Receiving regular prenatal care allows your doctor to deal with the problems that might arise from hypertension early on.Most reasons for hypertension during pregnancy are unknown. Certainly, if you have a history of hypertension, pregnancy could just exacerbate the condition. But obesity and stress can also have a compound effect on your blood pressure during pregnancy.Hypertension is a particularly worrisome issue during pregnancy because it can constrict the blood vessels in the uterus, which supply the fetus with the necessary oxygen and nutrients. This can slow the fetal growth and result in a low birth weight. Hypertension also increases the risk of a preterm delivery, that is, a delivery that occurs before your 37th week. Both low birth weight and prematurity not only increase the risk of health problems for newborns but may result in learning problems and the delayed development of motor skills later on.The treatment for hypertension during pregnancy is limited. A doctor will generally recommend that a pregnant woman with early or mild hypertension cut back on her activities and avoid strenuous exercise, while more serious cases require hospitalization.2. Gestational Diabetes: Not So SweetWhen you’re pregnant, it’s breakfast, lunch, and dinner for two every day for nine months. Your body provides your baby with its only source of nourishment. And that source of nourishment is also your own body’s source of nourishment—the glucose that results from the breakdown of carbohydrates in your body. This glucose is delivered from your bloodstream to the muscles and other cells that need this fuel through a hormone called insulin. When your body fails to produce enough insulin, the glucose builds up in your body, which can possibly result in diabetes. There is never a good time to have diabetes, but there is no worse time than during pregnancy, as it puts two of you at risk.During pregnancy, your body delivers glucose to the baby through the placenta, a temporary organ that also provides the baby with oxygen and serves to pass out the baby’s waste. (After birth the placenta is called the afterbirth.) For its limited existence, this organ has a tremendous workload, including producing hormones that assist in the baby’s development.Trouble is, the natural hormones of pregnancy, which are designed to break down your fat cells into glucose, may create more glucose in your system than your body can adequately metabolize. The result is gestational diabetes. If, on top of that, your diet is high in sugar by-products—in other words, if you are taking in large amounts of carbohydrates and sugar through candies and cakes—this second source of glucose coming in from the outside may put you over the threshold.Pregnancy affects the blood glucose levels in all women, so at 28 weeks you’re going to be screened for diabetes. Diabetes is a very common problem in pregnancy and some women who are nearly diabetic when they get pregnant will go right over the edge and experience this glucose intolerance, and the inability to process all the glucose in their system.The problem with diabetes in pregnancy is that it often leads to the birth of large babies, because the excess glucose goes to the baby directly. In other words, if mommy has high sugar, the baby has high sugar. And it affects you as an individual—by frequent urination, weight gain, and restricted movements—the same way it affects the baby in utero. The baby gets excessively large and urinates frequently, changing the composition of the fetal fluid, which may even put the baby at risk of death.The other problem with large babies is that they tend to suffer more trauma during vaginal delivery—broken collarbones, for instance, or injury to the nerves in the neck called the brachial plexus. Large babies also have a very difficult time as newborns because they’re so overweight that they may suffer from a variety of metabolic disorders.To test for diabetes, the physician will administer a challenge test. You’ll be asked to drink a glucose solution in a soda-style liquid. After an hour, your glucose level will be measured. If the reading is too high, which occurs about 20 percent of the time, your doctor will have you come back for a glucose tolerance test.The good news is that most women whose challenge test comes back high don’t turn out to have gestational diabetes after this follow-up test. But if your blood sugar level is still high, the doctor will put you on a diabetic diet based on complex carbohydrates, proteins, and vegetables. You will then need to monitor your sugar on a daily basis. If it continues to be elevated after a week or two, then you might need to start taking medication, such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. The aim, whether by diet or medication, is to bring down your blood sugar to a level that will hopefully not interfere with your pregnancy.3. Premature Birth: Ready or NotEvery day one in eight babies born in the United States arrives sooner than expected. Premature birth is another common problem of pregnancy, and it can happen to anyone. By definition, a premature birth is one that occurs before the thirty-seventh week of pregnancy. The average size of a baby at 37 weeks is about five pounds.However, since the field of neonatology has improved dramatically in the last couple of decades, a baby born healthy at 35 weeks has an overwhelmingly good prognosis for long-term survival. So more and more these days the definition of preterm labor has to do with how early in the pregnancy it occurs relative to the health of the baby. Prematurity can grossly compromise a child’s quality of life and put the child at risk for deafness, cerebral palsy, and blindness.Just what causes premature birth, no one knows for certain. Some research suggests that one of the main contributing factors to preterm labor is infection. Though such infections must be occurring quietly, without showing any symptoms, the bacteria in the cervix must be causing an inflammation, and the by-products of that inflammation are chemicals that can induce preterm labor.In other cases, women who have no infection may have a relatively weak uterus, or their cervix just doesn’t have the integrity to hold the pregnancy as the baby gets bigger, thus allowing the cervix to open up early on. Still other women may have anatomical deformities of the uterus that again may put them at risk for preterm labor. Another probable cause of premature birth is stress. And as everyone knows who has been through it, stress is certainly a big factor in pregnancy.The typical signs of premature labor are lower back pain, vaginal bleeding, excessive vaginal discharge, and premature contractions. Preterm labor is treated by such medications as magnesium sulfate, terbutaline sulfate, and antibiotics—all of which aim, though with limited results, to stop those contractions.Women in premature labor are often given steroids. Steroids? Yes, not all steroids are bad for you. When used appropriately in the right circumstances and under a doctor’s supervision, steroids are a wonder. They are given to women experiencing premature labor in order to literally pump the baby up. Like turning up the heat on the stove to boil the potatoes a little quicker, the steroids help mature the baby’s physiology more quickly so that he or she—however small—has a better chance of survival at birth.Five Illnesses to Avoid During PregnancyIf the mother-to-be is exposed to any of the following, see your doctor immediately.–Fifth disease is caused by the parovirus and can cause anemia in your baby. If you get fifth disease early in your pregnancy, you could have a miscarriage.–Chickenpox is caused by the varicella virus and can cause birth defects.–Rubella, or German measles, is now rare, but it used to be a common cause of birth defects. Pregnant women should be tested to see if they’re immune to rubella.–Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common infection that can be passed from the mother to the baby, and it can cause birth defects. It doesn’t produce symptoms, and there is no way to treat it. Those most at risk are those who work in day-care or health-care settings. Wash your hands after handling diapers and avoid nuzzling the babies.–Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by parasites from raw or uncooked infected meat or from contact with the feces of a cat. It can result in stillbirth, or death shortly after birth, and can cause mental or motor-developmental delays, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and visual impairments, including sometimes blindness.Cook meats well, wash or peel fruits and vegetables, wear gloves while gardening, and have others change the kitty litter. 

Physical activity is crucial for leading a healthy life. Exercise helps maintain a proper body weight, keep fit and prevent disease.

But what do we do when we are unfortunate enough to be afflicted by disease? Say for instance, diabetes?

Do we give up all hope in physical activity and put our faith solely in the capabilities of medication?

The obvious answer is no. In fact, both the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Council on Exercise recently praised exercise and its benefits in combating and controlling both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

According to ACE, when dealing with type 1 diabetes, physical activity primarily helps?by increasing insulin receptor sensitivity, reducing the risk of coronary artery disease and improving functional capacity.

ACE also states exercise is vital for type 2 diabetics, since it reduces both weight and cholesterol levels and thus the risk for heart disease.

In fact, according to the Center for Disease Control, being physically active can prevent blood-flow problems, which can reduce the resk of heart disease, as well as the risk of nerve damage. These health problems can be prevalent among those who suffer from diabetes.

ACSM also recently concluded that, although physical activity is underused in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, its role in managing the disease is undeniable and should therefore be used in any case where the individual is able to regularly perform moderate levels of physical activity.

However, diabetics should not follow just any exercise plan. As with any at-risk population, it is important to consult a doctor to obtain permission before starting a workout routine.

Certain workout regimens that are suitable for the general population are unsafe for people with diabetes.

ACE also recommends that diabetics use the following guidelines when partaking in physical activity.

A Colorado State University research project adds a new dimension to the way scientists look at diabetes.

Andre Ptitsyn, the lead researcher in the project discovered that stress on a person’s metabolism caused by a lack of oxygen forces genes to change the way the body converts energy over time. The change can eventually lead to type II diabetes.

This is a breakthrough compared to current beliefs that defective genes predispose some people to develop diabetes.

Healthy people’s genes might function differently and eventually begin to resist insulin because cells don’t get enough oxygen during metabolism-related functions.

“Stop eating carbohydrates! Cure Type 2 diabetes!” That’s the message being spread by a family doctor, stirring up controversy in the medical community. It’s not hope the American Diabetes Association is encouraging. But, minimizing carbohydrates does play a role in lowering the risks of progression of diabetes.

Like the weather, StormTeam Meteorologist John Dissauer’s lifestyle is now constantly changing. “I’ve always been a big carb eater. I love pasta! I love bread! I’ve always been brought up, you eat bread or pasta to fill yourself up,” said Dissauer.

But, that diet full of carbohydrates, brought a diagnosis of diabetes.

Dr. Joe Chehade, a diabetic specialist said, “Carbohydrates is gonna help you to put weight on, and that’s how you’re gonna end up with especially what we call Type 2 diabetes in adults.”

Is a prescription to remove carbs from the diet a cure? Chehade said that’s the wrong message to send patients, “There is no, unfortunately, up to now, I wish, a cure for Type 2 diabetes or Type 1 diabetes. Medication, diet, and lifestyle changes together can delay the progression.”

John is managing his disease by eating smaller portions of carbs, down to 280 grams a day. “I might have 30 carbs for my breakfast, 30 carbs for a snack, 60 to 75 for lunch, 30 for another snack in the afternoon, and then 90 for dinner,” said John.

“You can still be a diabetic on diet only with very good sugar control, but you’re not cured from diabetes,” explained Chehade.

“Insulin may still have to be an option for me because we’re still not sure if I’m Type 2. We’re kind of leaning towards Type 1. As I like to tell my doctor, let’s just call it type 1.2. I don’t want to admit to Type 1 just yet, cause I know what that brings,” said John.

In Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder can lead to a lifetime of daily insulin injections.

The FDA approved BYETTA (exenatide) injection as an add-on therapy to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes who have not achieved adequate control on a thiazolidinedione, or TZD. The drug was approved for use with two other diabetes treatments, metformin, sulfonylureas, in 2005.In a clinical trial designed to evaluate BYETTA for use in combination with a TZD, 62 percent of patients who added BYETTA to their existing medicines achieved an A1C (a measure of blood glucose levels over time) of 7 percent or less, compared to 16 percent of the patients on placebo.

People taking BYETTA also lost an average of 3.3 pounds over 16 weeks, compared to an average weight reduction of 0.4 pounds in the other group, according to Amylin. The most common adverse event associated with BYETTA was nausea, which occurred in 40 percent of patients.

“Due to the progressive nature of type 2 diabetes, previous approaches to management frequently failed to achieve target levels of A1C, or resulted in subsequent failure over one to three years,” said Dr. Robert Ratner, vice president for scientific affairs at the MedStar Research Institute in Washington, D.C. “The combination of exenatide with metformin, sulfonylureas, or TZDs not only expands our options to achieve optimal glycemic control, but does so with accompanying weight loss.”

BYETTA is designed to improve blood sugar control by lowering both post-meal and fasting, or early morning, glucose levels resulting in better long-term control as measured by A1C. BYETTA controls blood sugar through?several physiologic actions, including the stimulation of insulin secretion only when blood sugar is high. The drug is designed to restore the first-phase insulin response - an activity of the cells in the pancreas that is lost in patients who have type 2 diabetes, decrease glucose output from the liver, regulate gastric emptying, and decrease food intake. The majority of patients in long-term BYETTA clinical studies also experienced weight loss.

“Almost half a million people with type 2 diabetes have used BYETTA to help reduce their blood sugar,” said Ginger L. Graham, chief executive officer of Amylin. “Now, even more people — those who use another common category of oral medicines, TZDs — have a new treatment option and have the opportunity to benefit from the unique clinical benefits of BYETTA.”

Amylin has a profit sharing agreemen with Eli Lilly for BYETTA. Amylin developed the drug and Eli Lilly has conducted its marketing. The companies split the US profits 50/50 and outside of the US, Amylin receives royalties. The new expanded FDA approval only covers the US.

Vince Mihalik, global brand development leader for diabetes and endocrine at Eli Lilly explained that there are two core defects to type 2 diabetes, beta cell failure and insulin resistance.

“The ability of BYETTA to improve beta cell responsiveness and lower weight complements the TZD effect on insulin resistance very nicely,” he said.

BYETTA is the first in a new class of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes called incretin mimetics. BYETTA exhibits many of the same effects as the human incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1, or GLP-1. GLP-1 improves blood sugar after food intake through multiple effects that work in concert on the intestine, liver, pancreas and brain. BYETTA is approved by the FDA for use by people with type 2 diabetes who are unsuccessful at controlling their blood sugar levels despite using the commonly prescribed oral medications metformin, a sulfonylurea, or a thiazolidinedione.

Chinese scientists say they have identified a molecule that may hold the key to developing new pills to treat diabetes, a growing health concern affecting almost 21 million Americans.

The compound, called Boc5, helped mice reduce food intake when given orally or through needles, according to findings published online Monday by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Researchers say more potent doses may be used to develop a new class of pills that can treat adult-onset diabetes more easily than injectable drugs now used.

Boc5 mimicked the body’s own glucose-regulating hormones in the mice in a way similar to the treatment mechanism of Byetta, an injection sold by Eli Lilly & Co. and Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc. Byetta, used to control blood sugar, must be injected because it would be broken down too quickly in the stomach if taken orally.

“The considerable promise” of drugs such as Byetta “may be diminished by their need for injection,” researchers from China’s National Center for Drug Screening in Shanghai wrote in their study.

About 20.8 million Americans had diabetes as of 2005, or 7 percent of the population, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

– bloomberg news

Report flags acute homesickness

Almost everyone experiences occasional homesickness, but many young people suffer an intense form that interferes with normal activities, according to a new study by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The report in the January issue of the journal Pediatrics offers tips to physicians for recognizing risk fa?tors among patients leaving home for the first time.”Leaving home is a universal developmental milestone,” said Dr. Edward Walton, co-author of the report and an assistant professor of pediatrics and emergency medicine at the University of Michigan. “Our goal is for them not to lose time and experience in the adjusting,” he said.

Walton co-wrote the study with Christopher Thurber, staff psychologist at Phillips Exeter Academy, a boarding school in New Hampshire.

About 95 percent of young people say they miss something about home the first time they are away, Thurber said. But a smaller percentage — about 1 in 14 — suffer from what Thurber calls “intense homesickness.”

“They’re not eating or sleeping right, not playing with others,” Thurber said. “Or they have an intense preoccupation with home; they’re not thinking about anything else.”

That can “seriously impair” experiences at camp, boarding school, college or the hospital, he said. – Associated Press

Coral reefs may mitigate tsunamis

Healthy coral reefs may be able to reduce tsunamis’ run-up on land by half, according to a study published in December in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

Using computer models, three scientists calculated that broad and shallow reefs are especially effective at curbing the impact of tsunamis on volcanic islands.

The authors — former Princeton student Catherine Kunkel, NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory scientist Robert Hallberg and Princeton geosciences and public policy professor Michael Oppenheimer — note that reefs could not have significantly softened the blow from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on Banda Aceh, Indonesia, because the waves were so large and the reefs so close to shore. But they added, “for many islands, the reef is significantly far offshore to allow significant dissipation of tsunami energy over the reef” in a computer-generated scenario.

Oppenheimer said the healthier a reef, the better it can limit a tsunami’s reach when it hits land. According to the paper, about 30 percent of the world’s reefs are seriously damaged and nearly 60 percent may die by 2030 because of factors including climate change.

“Coral reefs aren’t just a matter of aesthetics,” Oppenheimer said. “Saving coral reefs can be a matter of saving lives.” – washington post

Caution urged with OTC painkillers

A recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposal to add stronger warning labels to several popular types of over-the-counter painkillers — noting they pose a risk of liver and stomach damage — shouldn’t scare most consumers into avoiding the products entirely, experts say.

But the news should remind patients to take the lowest dose needed for the shortest possible time and to be aware of the ingredients contained in all of their medications, particularly when taking more than one medicine.

Under the proposal, warnings would be added to the labels of all OTC medicines with acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) — including aspirin, naproxen and ibuprofen — which are used to treat headaches, pain, fever, menstrual cramps and muscle aches. Affected products include such popular brands as Tylenol, Aleve, Motrin and Advil.

The warnings would “include important safety information regarding the potential for stomach bleeding and liver damage and when to consult a doctor,” the FDA reports. – WASHINGTON post